The treaty of Waitangi is an crucial agreement signed on 6 February 1840 by representatives of the British crown and Maori chiefs. There are three official copies of the Treaty of Waitangi, the Maori version, the English version and the modern English translation of the Maori version. The purpose of the treaty was to build the foundation for a relationship between Maori people and British settlers in New Zealand under a common set of agreements.
Only concerned with Article I of the Maori and English version, it is the very first article which contains the term that has been interpreted different by the crown and Maori.While analyzing the Treaty of Waitangi, the most important difference in the two text is interpretation which leads to disagreement. In Article I, the English version said that Maori tribes ceded sovereignty to the crown while the Maori version implied that Maori tribes would share the governorship with the crown. Using the terms of “sovereignty” and “governorship” created misunderstanding between Maori people and the British settlers. One reason for this misunderstanding seems to be that the Maori text was translated overnight by Henry William and another reason is that there is no word in Maori language for “sovereignty”.
It tends to be that there was no analysis of the Treaty articles of either version. The crown failed to explain properly to Maori about the Treaty text. It is obvious that both the Maori and the crown had a language barrier to explain the Treaty. At that time , the oral discussion and William’s explanation may have mattered more than differences between the written tests. However, there are differences between the two texts, there is legally just one treaty.